AGP Executive Report

Libya’s Medicines Audit: Libya’s audit bodies flagged LYD 11.8bn in public pharma spending (2022-2025) marred by monopoly dynamics, waste, weak planning, and procurement chaos, with big year-to-year swings and mismatches between orders and real needs. National Strategy Push: Libya’s NESDB says approved national strategies are now moving into real implementation and impact monitoring, shifting ministries from planning to delivery. Energy Skills & Standards: The National Oil Corporation signed an MoU with PMI to train staff, build institutional capacity, and apply international project management standards across Libya’s energy portfolio. Oilfield Digitalization: NOC’s wider sector momentum echoes abroad as Oil India deploys an AI/IoT wellhead monitoring system to unify real-time production data for faster decisions. Blue Gold Tuna Season: Libya’s tuna season is underway along the coast from west to east, with bluefin tuna prized globally and linked to major export value. Migration at Sea: New reports say migrants departing from Libya faced deadly incidents near Malta, underscoring the ongoing economic and human pressure around irregular routes. Made-in-Libya Platform: Libya’s Industry Union launched a “Made in Libya” e-platform to support local production branding and market access.

Libya Energy & Power Stability: Prime Minister Abdul Hamid Dbeibah ordered an urgent NOC–GECOL meeting after fuel shortages threatened generation capacity by over 1,000MW, raising fears of wider summer load-shedding and blackouts. Oil Sector Capacity Building: NOC signed an MoU with the US Project Management Institute (PMI) to train staff, localize project-management standards, and set up a joint digital platform for energy-sector competencies. Fuel Distribution in the South: Brega Petroleum said regular shipments are easing shortages at Sabha’s oil depot, but stressed tighter station management and security oversight to prevent quota violations. Industrial Digital Push: The Libyan Industry Union launched the “Made in Libya” e-platform to connect factories and markets and support the digital transformation of local industry. Anti–Money Laundering Lawmaking: Libya’s House of Representatives discussed a draft law on combating money laundering and terrorism financing, aiming to strengthen financial-sector regulation. Governance Roadmap: UNSMIL’s Structured Dialogue governance track proposed a transitional roadmap toward elections, including a unified executive authority and limits on transitional office holders running again. Regional Diplomacy: Libya held talks with Mauritania to expand political and economic cooperation and prepare a joint higher committee meeting. Banking Recognition: The Arab Banking Union named CBL Governor Naji Issa “Governor of the Year 2026” for maintaining stability and banking continuity. Migration Pressure in Europe: New reports from the Central Mediterranean off Malta cite multiple migrant deaths during rescues involving vessels departing from Libya, underscoring ongoing smuggling risks. US Trade Shock (Global, with spillovers): The US USTR proposed Section 301 forced-labor tariffs of 10%–12.5% on imports from 60 economies, with comments due in early July—another potential cost pressure for regional trade.

Libyan Industry & Trade: The Libyan Industry Union launched the “Made in Libya” e-platform after approval by the Economy and Trade Minister, aiming to connect factories, companies and markets and push digital transformation for national products. Energy & Power Stability: Prime Minister Abdul Hamid Dbeibah ordered an urgent NOC-GECOL meeting to secure fuel supplies for power plants ahead of summer, after GECOL warned of a generation deficit above 1,000MW and possible load-shedding/blackouts. Oil Sector Capacity Building: NOC signed an MoU with the Project Management Institute (PMI) for training, capacity building and global project-management standards, including a joint digital platform to develop local talent. Fuel Supply in the South: Brega Petroleum Marketing Company said regular shipments are improving fuel availability in Sabha, while stressing tighter station management and security oversight to prevent quota violations. Governance & Finance Law: In Benghazi, the House of Representatives discussed a draft law on combating money laundering and terrorist financing, with the Central Bank’s Financial Intelligence Unit participating. Regional Business Links: Oman’s OQEP signed an MoU with Libya’s Investment Authority to explore joint oil and gas investment opportunities, and Libya’s Agriculture Minister met Turkey to expand agricultural and forestry cooperation and investment. International Finance Signal: The Arab Banking Union named Central Bank of Libya Governor Naji Issa “Governor of the Year 2026,” citing efforts to maintain stability and banking continuity.

Energy & Power Stability: Prime Minister Abdul Hamid Dbeibah ordered an urgent NOC-GECOL meeting after fuel shortages threatened summer electricity supply, with GECOL warning of a generation deficit above 1,000MW and possible load-shedding or blackouts. Central Banking Recognition: The Arab Banking Union named Central Bank of Libya Governor Naji Issa “Governor of the Year 2026,” citing efforts to keep financial stability and banking services running under pressure. Oil & Gas Investment: Oman’s OQEP signed an MoU with Libya’s Investment Authority to explore joint oil and gas opportunities, while Kpler expects Ras Lanuf’s full ownership and rehabilitation to lift refining output in 2027. Diplomacy & Regional Ties: Libya and Mauritania discussed boosting cooperation and preparing a joint higher committee, and Libya’s foreign minister also met Syria’s tourism leadership to expand tourism and investment links. Politics & Governance Roadmap: UNSMIL’s Structured Dialogue governance track proposed a unified executive authority, unified security institutions, a transitional 18–24 month roadmap to elections, and a ban on transitional office holders running afterward. Migration & UN Pressure: UN officials condemned protests outside UNHCR/UNSMIL offices in Tripoli tied to misinformation about migrant settlement; Libya’s acting foreign minister reiterated rejection of any resettlement plan. Tech & Skills: Libya reaffirmed vocational education and skills development cooperation in Egypt, and launched a national AI strategy for 2026–2030 with an ethics charter. Sports Business: Al-Ittihad SC signed Nigerian midfielder Onuche Ogbelu on a three-year deal, adding a new midfield option ahead of the season.

Energy Investment: Oman’s OQEP signed an MoU with Libya’s Investment Authority in Tripoli, with Prime Minister Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh present, to set a framework for joint oil and gas exploration and production investment. Refining Outlook: Kpler expects Libya’s refining sector to get a boost in 2027 after NOC secured full ownership of the Ras Lanuf refinery, potentially cutting fuel imports and reshaping crude exports to Europe. Power Grid Upgrade: GECOL received a new 220/66 kV, 125 MVA transformer for the Um Al-Jadawel substation in Brak Al-Shati to improve stability and supply in southern Libya. Migration & UN Tensions: Acting Foreign Minister Taher Al-Baour reiterated Libya rejects any migrant resettlement, after protesters blocked UNHCR access in Tripoli; the UN condemned the violence and warned that online misinformation is fueling protests. Vocational Skills Push: Libya reaffirmed its commitment to technical and vocational education at a Mediterranean skills forum in Egypt, including plans to modernise curricula and expand private-sector partnerships. Tourism Cooperation: Libya and Syria discussed boosting tourism ties and investment, including training and support for traditional industries. Trade & Logistics: Misurata Free Zone received a Chinese transit vessel with 9,700 tonnes of cargo, highlighting growing transit links across North Africa and beyond. Corporate Sustainability: Libya Oil Joint Company reiterated its environmental commitments ahead of World Environment Day.

Migration & UN Pressure: The UN condemned attacks and threats against its staff and facilities in Tripoli after hundreds of protesters blocked UNHCR offices, blaming social media disinformation; UN officials reiterated there is no UN resettlement program in Libya and said UNHCR supports refugees via work with Libyan authorities. Migration Policy & Sovereignty: Libya’s House of Representatives Defense and National Security Committee rejected any resettlement of undocumented migrants inside Libya, warning against demographic change; separately, the Ministry of Labor in Sirte reaffirmed opposition to settling foreigners and stressed enforcement of Law No. 24/2023. Energy & Grid Reliability: GECOL received a new 220/66 kV, 125 MVA transformer for the Um Al-Jadawel substation in Brak Al-Shati to replace a damaged unit and improve southern grid stability. Trade & Logistics: Misurata Free Zone received a Chinese transit vessel carrying 9,700 tonnes of cargo, highlighting growing transit links and a direct COSCO service to China. Corporate Sustainability: Libya Oil Joint Company reiterated its environmental and sustainability commitments as part of World Environment Day activities. Foreign Labor Rules: Libya’s labor authorities and lawmakers continued to push tighter regulation of foreign workers, with calls for visas, taxes, and deportation of people lacking legal documentation. US-Libya Diplomacy: David Linfield was appointed to lead the US Embassy’s political and economic portfolio in Libya, starting end of June. Sports (Business Interest): Al-Ittihad SC signed Nigerian midfielder Onuche Ogbelu on a three-year deal, adding a new profile to the club’s roster.

Currency & trust: A new analysis explains how collapsing local currencies push people toward dollarisation—first quietly saving in dollars, then pricing goods in dollars as confidence in the state erodes. UN & migration tensions: The UN says violent protests outside UNHCR/UNSMIL offices in Tripoli were fueled by social media disinformation, while UNSMIL reiterates there is no UN resettlement program in Libya. Libya sovereignty on migration: Libya’s House of Representatives Defense Committee and the Ministry of Labor both reaffirm rejection of any settlement of foreigners or irregular migrants, citing national laws and warning against demographic and economic disruption. Oil & trade logistics: Misurata Free Zone received a Chinese transit vessel with 9,700 tonnes of cargo, highlighting growing maritime links and a new direct China–Misurata service via COSCO. Energy investment: Renewable Energy Authority of Libya met China Harbor Engineering Company to discuss clean-energy cooperation and possible joint projects. Security spillover: The UN warns looted Libyan weapons have been traced to extremist groups in Nigeria, linking Libya’s past arms chaos to regional instability. Maritime risk for business: A shipping-focused report flags Hormuz and Libya as part of a wider threat environment affecting energy flows and merchant operations.

Migration & UN Tensions: The UN says it’s “deeply concerned” after violent protests outside UNHCR and UNSMIL offices in Tripoli, blaming social media disinformation; Libyans have blocked UN refugee facilities and demanded the departure of agencies they accuse of pushing settlement or resettlement of undocumented migrants. Libyan Sovereignty Push: Libya’s House of Representatives Defense Committee and the Ministry of Labor both reaffirm rejection of any settlement or resettlement of foreigners, citing national sovereignty and Law No. 24 of 2023, while warning against demographic and labor-market disruption. Policy & Labor Rules: The Ministry of Labor reiterated that foreign employment requires permits and that housing/accommodation tied to settlement intent is prohibited. Energy & Investment Links: China Harbor Engineering Company (CHEC) signaled interest in Libya’s renewable energy market after talks with Libya’s Renewable Energy Authority, while Oman’s OQ and Libya also continue expanding oil-and-gas cooperation. Oil Logistics Watch: Spain’s April crude imports rose 15.8%, with the US as top supplier and Middle East volumes affected by Hormuz shipping risks. Local Economy & Infrastructure: In Sirte, a dual carriageway project west of Bin Jawad uncovered an archaeological site, prompting calls for surveys and preservation.

Libya–Tunisia Trade: Libya and Tunisia have started implementing key parts of their free trade agreement, including electronic certificates of origin and reactivating joint customs crossings, with added steps to curb smuggling and speed up truck movement. Oil & Gas Projects: Saipem installed a gas extraction module at the offshore El Bouri field, aiming to cut flaring and lift output to about 2 million cubic meters per day, while AGOCO held talks with Chevron on exploration, reservoir management and efficiency upgrades. Investment Climate: South Korea asked Libya to simplify procedures for Korean firms, especially in oil and refining, as its Tripoli embassy prepares to fully reopen. Renewables & Industry: Libya’s Renewable Energy Authority met China Harbor Engineering Company, which confirmed interest in clean-energy partnerships, and Gebr Pfeiffer is set to deliver MVR mill technology for cement raw material grinding in Libya. Migration Politics: Hundreds of Libyans protested outside UNHCR offices in Tripoli over fears of resettling undocumented migrants, while Libya’s rights chief urged a dedicated national authority to manage migration and asylum under Libyan sovereignty. US Trade Pressure: Libya is among economies flagged in a US forced-labour Section 301 probe, with proposed additional tariffs that could raise costs for exports if approved.

Migration & Public Order: Hundreds of Libyans blocked the UNHCR office in Tripoli, demanding the departure and closure of the agency over claims of “settlement” of undocumented migrants, amid wider anger that migrants are worsening social and economic pressures in a post-2011 transit economy. Trade Policy Shock: The U.S. proposed new Section 301 tariffs tied to forced-labour compliance, naming Libya among 60 economies; if approved, Libya could face an extra 12.5% duty (on top of a 10% baseline), raising costs and adding uncertainty for export competitiveness. Regional Business Ties: South Korea asked Libya to simplify investment procedures, especially for oil and refining, and said its Tripoli embassy will fully reopen. Energy & Industry: Saipem installed a gas extraction module at the El Bouri offshore field to cut flaring and lift output; AGOCO also held talks with Chevron on exploration and reservoir efficiency. Cross-Border Commerce: Libya and Tunisia began implementing their free trade agreement, including electronic certificates of origin and reactivating joint customs crossings to ease truck movement and curb smuggling. Construction & Materials: Gebr Pfeiffer is set to introduce its MVR mill technology in Libya for cement raw material grinding, supporting local capacity expansion.

South Korea–Libya Investment Push: Seoul asked Tripoli to simplify procedures for Korean firms, especially in oil and refining, as the South Korean embassy in Tripoli prepares to fully reopen. Offshore Gas Output Boost: Italy’s Saipem installed a gas extraction module at the El Bouri field, aiming to cut flaring and lift production to about 2 million cubic meters per day. Libya–Tunisia Trade Facilitation: The two countries began implementing free trade agreement steps, including electronic certificates of origin and reactivating joint customs crossings to speed border trade and curb smuggling. US Forced-Labour Tariffs Hit Libya: The US proposed 12.5% additional tariffs on imports from Libya and seven other African countries over alleged weak enforcement against forced-labour goods, with a public comment process underway. Migration Sovereignty Row: Libya’s foreign ministry rejected any external push to resettle migrants inside the country, reiterating it will only support voluntary returns and humanitarian assistance. IOM Returns Nigerians: IOM repatriated 180–182 Nigerian migrants from Libya to Lagos, including women, children, and unaccompanied minors, with reintegration support. Fuel Crisis Local Response: Jalu municipality moved to stabilize fuel supplies after shortages, coordinating with oil and distribution officials to restart deliveries. Oman–Libya Energy MoU: OQ Exploration and Production signed an MoU with Libya’s investment authority to explore joint oil and gas investment opportunities.

US-Trade Pressure on Libya: The U.S. Trade Representative has proposed Section 301 duties tied to forced-labour enforcement, naming Libya among 60 economies flagged for failing to effectively ban forced-labour imports—potentially adding 12.5% to many goods entering the U.S. Energy & Investment: Oman’s OQ Group signed an MoU with Libya’s Libyan Investment Authority to explore oil, gas and clean-energy investment partnerships, with Libya’s PM attending. Offshore Gas Progress: Saipem says it completed lifting and installation of a gas recovery module for the Bouri Gas Utilization Project offshore Libya, moving the project to further integration and commissioning steps. Fuel Crisis Crackdown: Libya’s Interior Minister announced closure of 500+ fuel stations over smuggling violations, while Jalu municipality said fuel deliveries are set to resume to ease local shortages. Migration & Returns: IOM, with the EU and Nigeria, repatriated 180 Nigerian migrants from Libya to Lagos, including unaccompanied children, under assisted voluntary return and reintegration. UN Warning on Arms Diversion: The UN said weapons looted after Libya’s 2011 conflict have surfaced in Nigeria and other Sahel states, fueling extremist violence.

Fuel & Security Crackdown: Interior Minister Imad Al-Trabelsi ordered the closure of 500+ fuel stations tied to smuggling violations, while the Southern Liberation Operations Room accused Haftar-affiliated groups of running fuel tankers through Chad into Sudan—at a time when queues and shortages are hitting southern areas. Local Supply Response: Jalu Municipality said fuel deliveries are set to restart after meetings with Libya Oil and distribution officials to tackle bottlenecks and stabilize local reserves. Central Bank FX Support: A Central Bank of Libya source told Libya Herald that a $3.5bn foreign-currency plan is being rolled out for letters of credit, transfers, and personal use, with banks receiving dollar allocations. Energy Investment Deal: Libya’s Investment Authority and Oman’s OQ Group signed an MoU to explore joint oil, gas and clean-energy investments. Digital Push: Libya launched its National Artificial Intelligence Strategy 2026–2030 and adopted an ethics charter, alongside the 6th National Information Technology Day in Tripoli. Migration & Humanitarian Returns: IOM, with EU support, evacuated 180–182 Nigerian migrants from Benghazi under the AVRR programme, including women, children, and unaccompanied minors. Politics & Elections: Libya Karama Party’s Youssef Al-Farsi said U.S. outreach is aimed at reviving the political process and preparing for 4+4 Joint Committee talks on electoral laws. Trade Pressure Abroad: The U.S. USTR advanced Section 301 forced-labor findings, proposing additional tariffs on India—an external trade risk for global supply chains.

Central Bank of Libya FX Plan: A CBL source says a $3.5bn programme is being rolled out to sell foreign currency to commercial banks, split into $1.5bn for Letters of Credit, $1bn for transfers, and $1bn for personal use—aimed at easing market demand and stabilising economic activity. Fuel Crisis Watch: NOC Chairman Masoud Suleiman says fuel demand surged during Eid al-Adha from the usual 6.5m litres/day to 9–9.5m litres/day, while the Administrative Control Authority and NOC plan tighter distribution controls to curb smuggling and fix supply allocation. Oil Revenue Boost: NOC reports its highest monthly revenue in 10 years—nearly $4bn in May—along with record tanker deliveries, even as some western cities still see shortages. Energy Dealmaking: OQ Exploration and Production signed an MoU with Libya’s Investment Authority to expand joint oil and gas exploration and production investment. Oman–Libya Energy Ties: Libya and Oman also pushed broader energy and investment cooperation, including renewable energy and knowledge transfer. Korea Eyes Libya Upswing: South Korea urged Libya to welcome more Korean firms, especially in oil refining and construction, and flagged a full reopening of its embassy. Digital Push: Libya launched its National AI Strategy 2026–2030 and an AI ethics charter, setting targets for AI use across government and new AI startups. Migration Policy: Libya’s foreign ministry reiterated a hard line against settling irregular migrants, warning against rumours and urging citizens to verify social media claims.

OQ & LIA Energy Deal: OQ Exploration and Production signed an MoU with Libya’s Libyan Investment Authority to explore joint oil and gas investment opportunities, aiming to boost reserves, production and returns. Fuel Supply Pressure: Libya’s Administrative Control Authority and NOC discussed fuel import financing and distribution bottlenecks, with monthly fuel costs put at about $1.1bn and calls for tighter controls against smuggling. AI Push: Libya launched its National Artificial Intelligence Strategy 2026-2030 and adopted an AI ethics charter, targeting wider AI use across government and support for startups. Oil Revenue Boost: NOC reported its highest monthly revenue in 10 years (nearly $4bn in May) and contracted 17 gasoline tankers, though some western cities still face shortages. Migration Red Line: The House of Representatives warned against any plans that could be used to settle foreigners or change Libya’s demographics, reiterating rejection of irregular migrant settlement. Housing Financing: Libya’s housing authorities signed an MoU to finance and build 15,000 units from 2026-2030, starting with 269 units in an initial phase. Digital Economy Events: National Information Technology Day in Tripoli highlighted plans like “My Country” for integrated digital government services. Libya in Africa–Korea Talks: Libya attended senior Africa–Korea meetings in Seoul, pushing cooperation in infrastructure, digital development, food security, health, energy and critical minerals. Regional Energy Context: Analysis links Hormuz and sea chokepoints to renewed competition, with implications for Libya’s oil appeal.

Libya’s Power Grid Work: GECOL says construction is continuing on the West Tripoli–Al-Taba 400 kV transmission line, including concrete foundations for two towers in Sabia, to move power from plants into the grid. Telecom Recovery After Floods: Libya Telecom Holding Company reports gradual restoration of Al-Madar Al-Jadid and Libyana services in Ghat and Tahala after heavy rain damaged a fibre-optic cable, with 11 of 12 sites back online via backup VSAT while repairs continue. Oil Market Signal: A Gulf Business Outlook report links the Strait of Hormuz crisis to renewed global interest in Libyan oil, with major companies returning and both eastern and western authorities pushing to maximize energy revenues. Regional Energy Cooperation: Turkey is moving ahead with plans for a two-way gas pipeline to occupied areas, while separate analysis highlights how Turkey is positioning itself as a key regional power after the Iran conflict. Libya Politics & Institutions: Saddam Haftar says he discussed unifying institutions and reconciliation with a U.S. adviser, with Washington backing state-institution strengthening and broader participation. Migration Pressure: Libyan social media anger is rising over illegal migration and the scale of migrants inside the country, with calls for UN-linked organizations to focus on conditions in migrants’ home states instead of resettlement in Libya.